Indlela yokulinganisa usawoti we-sewage?

Indlela yokulinganisa usawoti wendle kuyindaba ekhathaza kakhulu wonke umuntu. Iyunithi eyinhloko esetshenziselwa ukukala usawoti wamanzi i-EC/w, emele ukuqhutshwa kwamanzi. Ukunquma ukuqhutshwa kwamanzi kungakutshela ukuthi usawoti ongakanani okwamanje emanzini.

I-TDS (evezwe ngo-mg/L noma i-ppm) empeleni ibhekisela enanini lama-ion akhona, hhayi ukusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-conductivity ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukala inani lama-ion akhona.

Amamitha e-TDS akala ukusebenza futhi aguqule leli nani libe ekufundeni ngo-mg/L noma ppm. I-Conductivity futhi iyindlela engaqondile yokulinganisa usawoti. Lapho kukala usawoti, amayunithi ngokuvamile avezwa ku-ppt. Amanye amathuluzi e-conductivity eza elungiselelwe kusengaphambili nenketho yokukala usawoti uma efunwa.

Nakuba kungase kube nzima ukuyiqonda, amanzi anosawoti athathwa njengesikhondusi esihle sikagesi, okusho ukuthi uma uzama ukugcina ikhemistri elungile yendawo yangaphandle, ukufundwa kwakho kwe-EC/w kufanele kube phezulu. Lapho lezi zibalo zehla kakhulu, kungase kube isikhathi sokwelapha amanzi.

Isihloko esilandelayo sihlolisisa usawoti kanye nendlela yokuwukala ngendlela efanele.

Kuyini usawoti wamanzi?

Usawoti ubhekisela enanini likasawoti elincibilike kahle emzimbeni wamanzi. Iyunithi eyinhloko esetshenziselwa ukukala usawoti wamanzi i-EC/w, emele ukuqhutshwa kwamanzi kagesi. Kodwa-ke, ukukala usawoti wamanzi ngenzwa ye-conductivity kuzokunikeza iyunithi ehlukile yokulinganisa ku-mS/cm, okuyinombolo yama-millisiemens ngesentimitha yamanzi.

Imilimitha eyodwa Siemens ngesentimitha ilingana ne-1,000 micro Siemens ngesentimitha, futhi iyunithi ithi S/cm. Ngemva kokuthatha lesi silinganiso, ingxenye eyodwa kwenkulungwane ye-micro-Siemens ilingana ne-1000 EC, ukuqhutshwa kwamanzi kagesi. Isilinganiso se-1000 EC silingana nezingxenye ezingu-640 esigidini ngasinye, okuyiyunithi esetshenziselwa ukunquma usawoti emanzini okubhukuda. Ukufundwa kosawoti echibini lamanzi anosawoti kufanele kube ngu-3,000 PPM, okusho ukuthi ama-millisiemens ngesentimitha ukufundwa kufanele kube ngu-4.6 mS/cm.

Wenziwa kanjani usawoti?

Ukwelashwa kosawoti kungenziwa ngezindlela ezintathu ezihlanganisa ukusawoti okuyisisekelo, ubusawoti besibili, kanye nosawoti wezinga eliphezulu.

Usawoti oyinhloko uyindlela evamile, eyenzeka ngezinqubo zemvelo, njengokwakheka kukasawoti ngenxa yemvula isikhathi eside. Lapho lina, omunye usawoti osemanzini uyahwamuka ophuma esikhaleni samanzi noma emhlabathini. Omunye usawoti ungase udlulele ngqo emanzini angaphansi noma emhlabathini. Amanzi amancane nawo azogeleza emifuleni nasemifudlaneni agcine engena olwandle nasemachibini.

Ngokuqondene nosawoti wesibili, lolu hlobo losawoti lwenzeka lapho itafula lamanzi likhuphuka, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokususwa kwezimila endaweni ethile.

Usawoti ungafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa usawoti wezinga eliphezulu, okwenzeka lapho amanzi esetshenziselwa izingadi kanye nezitshalo emijikelezweni eminingi. Njalo lapho isilimo siniselwa, amanzi amancane ayahwamuka, okusho ukwanda kosawoti. Uma amanzi ephinda esetshenziswa njalo, okuqukethwe kukasawoti esitjalweni kungaba phezulu kakhulu.

Izinyathelo zokuqapha lapho usebenzisa i-imitha conductivity

1. Uma ukala amanzi ahlanzekile noma amanzi ahlanzekile, ukuze ugweme ukukhukhuleka kwevelu elinganisiwe, kutuswa ukusebenzisa umsele ovaliwe ukwenza isilinganiso sokugeleza esimweni esivaliwe. Uma i-beaker isetshenziselwa ukusampula nokukala, amaphutha amakhulu azokwenzeka.

2. Njengoba isinxephezelo sokushisa samukela i-coefficient yokushisa ehleliwe engu-2%, ukukalwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu futhi ahlanzekile kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo sokushisa ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi itafula kufanele lihlolwe ngemva kokulinganisa.

3. Isihlalo sepulaki ye-electrode kufanele sivikelwe ngokuphelele emswakameni, futhi imitha kufanele ibekwe endaweni eyomile ukuze kugwenywe ukuvuza noma amaphutha okulinganisa emitha ngenxa yokufafazwa kwamaconsi amanzi noma umswakama.

4. I-electrode yokulinganisa iyingxenye enembile, engakwazi ukuhlakazeka, ukuma nobukhulu be-electrode ayikwazi ukuguqulwa, futhi ayikwazi ukuhlanzwa nge-asidi eqinile noma i-alkali, ukuze ingashintshi i-electrode njalo futhi ithinte ukunemba kokulinganisa insimbi.

5. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kokulinganisa, i-electrode kufanele ihlanjululwe kabili ngamanzi a-distilled (noma amanzi ahlanjululwe) ngaphansi kuka-0.5uS / cm ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa (i-platinum black electrode kumele ifakwe emanzini a-distilled ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngemuva kokuba isomile isikhathi esithile), Bese ugeza ngamanzi esampula ahlolwe izikhathi ezintathu ngaphambi kokulinganisa.