5 Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko Zekhwalithi Yamanzi Izinhlobo

Isingeniso

Amanzi ayisici esiyisisekelo sokuphila, futhi izinga lawo liyithinta ngokuqondile inhlalakahle yethu nendawo ezungezile. Izinhlobo eziyisi-5 zekhwalithi yamanzi eziyinhloko zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuphepha kwamanzi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwawo ngezinjongo ezihlukahlukene. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola le mingcele ngokuningiliziwe, sinikeze imininingwane nolwazi lochwepheshe ukukusiza uqonde ukubaluleka kokuhlaziywa kwekhwalithi yamanzi.

5 Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko Zekhwalithi Yamanzi Izinhlobo

Ukuhlaziywa kwezinga lamanzi kubandakanya ukuhlola amapharamitha ahlukahlukene anquma ukufaneleka kwawo ukusetshenziswa okuthile. Izinhlobo eziyisi-5 zekhwalithi yamanzi eziyinhloko yilezi:

1. Amapharamitha Angokwenyama

Imingcele ebonakalayo ibhekisela ezicini ezibonakalayo zamanzi ezingabandakanyi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Lawa mapharamitha ahlinzeka ngemininingwane ngokubukeka kwamanzi, izinga lokushisa, nezinye izici ezibonakalayo. Amapharamitha abalulekile omzimba afaka:

I-Turbidity: I-turbidity ikala ukuguqubala kwamanzi okubangelwa izinhlayiya ezimisiwe. Amazinga aphezulu e-turbidity angase abonise ukungcola noma ukugeleza kwenhlabathi.

Izinga lokushisa: Izinga lokushisa lamanzi lithinta imvelo yasemanzini futhi lingathinta ukunyibilika komoyampilo nezinye izinto.

Umbala: Umbala wamanzi ungaveza ubukhona bezinto zemvelo noma ukungcola.

2. Chemical Parameters

Imingcele yamakhemikhali ihlola ubukhona kanye nokugxila kwezinto ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali emanzini. Lezi zinto zingavela emithonjeni yemvelo noma emisebenzini yabantu. Imingcele ebalulekile yamakhemikhali ihlanganisa:

I-pH: Amazinga e-pH abonisa ubumuncu bamanzi noma i-alkalinity, okuthinta ikhono lawo lokusekela impilo yasemanzini.

I-Oxygen Encibilikile (DO): I-DO ibalulekile ezintweni eziphila emanzini, futhi amazinga ayo abonisa ikhwalithi yamanzi kanye nokuba khona kokungcola.

Izakhamzimba: Amazinga omsoco, njenge-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, anomthelela eqophelweni lamanzi futhi angaholela ekuqhumeni kolwelwe oluyingozi.

Izinsimbi Ezisindayo: Izinsimbi ezinzima, njengomthofu ne-mercury, zinobuthi futhi zingangcolisa imithombo yamanzi.

3. Imingcele yezinto eziphilayo

Amapharamitha ebhayoloji abandakanya ukucwaninga kwezinto eziphilayo ezikhona emanzini kanye nokuhlolwa kwempilo yazo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwazo. Imingcele ebalulekile yebhayoloji ihlanganisa:

Amagciwane nama-Coliform: Ukuba khona kwamagciwane kubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka kube nezifo ezitholakala emanzini.

Ama-Macroinvertebrates Asemanzini: Lezi zidalwa zisebenza njengezinkomba zekhwalithi yamanzi kanye nempilo ye-ecosystem.

4. Amapharamitha weRadiological

Imingcele ye-radiological igxila ekulinganiseni amazinga emisebe emanzini, okungase kube umphumela wemithombo yemvelo noma imisebenzi yabantu. Imingcele ebalulekile ye-radiological ihlanganisa:

I-Alpha, Beta, ne-Gamma Radiation: Ukuhlola amazinga emisebe kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwamanzi futhi kuvikela ekuchayekeni okuyingozi.

5. Amapharamitha we-Organic

Amapharamitha ezinto eziphilayo ahlaziya ubukhona bezinto eziphilayo emanzini, ezingavela emithonjeni yemvelo noma emisebenzini yabantu. Amapharamitha abalulekile e-organic afaka:

Izibulala-zinambuzane nama-Herbicides: Lezi zinhlanganisela zingangcolisa amanzi futhi zibe nemiphumela emibi empilweni yasemanzini nempilo yabantu.

Ezemithi: Ukuba khona kwezinsalela zemithi emanzini kungadala izingozi ezingaba khona.

Ukubaluleka Kokuhlaziywa Kwekhwalithi Yamanzi

Ukuhlaziywa kwezinga lamanzi kubalulekile ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa:

Impilo Yomphakathi: Ukuqinisekisa amanzi okuphuza aphephile kanye nokuvimbela izifo ezitholakala emanzini kubalulekile empilweni yomphakathi.

Ukongiwa Kwemvelo: Ukuqonda ikhwalithi yamanzi kusiza ukuvikela imvelo yasemanzini futhi kulondoloze izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Ezolimo Nezimboni: Amanzi asezingeni abalulekile ekuniseleni, ezinqubweni zezimboni, nasekugcineni izindlela zokulima ezinempilo.

Ezokungcebeleka: Amanzi aphephile nahlanzekile anika amandla imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokuzijabulisa njengokubhukuda nokuhamba ngesikebhe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingabe ikhona imithombo yemvelo yezinsimbi ezinzima emanzini?

Yebo, ezinye izinsimbi ezisindayo zenzeka ngokwemvelo emanzini ngenxa yezinqubo ze-geological. Kodwa-ke, imisebenzi yabantu efana nokukhishwa kwezimboni kanye nezimayini ingakhuphula kakhulu amazinga azo, okuholela ekungcoleni.

Ukungcoliswa kwezakhamzimba kulithinta kanjani izinga lamanzi?

Umsoco oweqile, njenge-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, kungabangela i-eutrophication, okuholela ekukhuleni kwezimbali eziyingozi ze-algal. Lezi zimbali ziqeda amazinga omoya-mpilo futhi zilimaze ukuphila kwasemanzini.

Yiziphi izingozi zempilo ezihlobene namanzi okuphuza angcoliswe izibulala-zinambuzane?

Amanzi angcoliswe izibulala-zinambuzane angaba sengozini enkulu yezempilo, okuhlanganisa izinkinga zemizwa nentuthuko, umdlavuza, nezinkinga zokuzala.

Amapharamitha ebhayoloji asiza kanjani ukuhlola ikhwalithi yamanzi?

Amapharamitha ebhayoloji, njengama-macroinvertebrates asemanzini, asebenza njengezinkomba zezinto eziphilayo. Ukuba khona kwazo, ukuchichima, nokuhlukahluka kubonisa impilo yonke ye-ecosystem.

Iyini imiphumela yamazinga aphezulu e-turbidity emanzini?

Amazinga aphezulu e-turbidity angabonisa ukungcola nokugeleza kwenhlabathi. Kungaphinde kunciphise ukungena kokukhanya, kuthinte i-photosynthesis ezitshalweni zasemanzini futhi kuphazamise izindawo zokuhlala zemvelo.

Kungani kubalulekile ukuqapha imingcele ye-radiological emanzini?

Imingcele ye-radiological isiza ukukhomba ukungcola okungaba khona kwe-radioactive, iqinisekise ukuphepha kwamanzi kanye nokunciphisa izingozi zezempilo.

Isiphetho

Ukuqonda izinhlobo eziyisi-5 zekhwalithi yamanzi ezibalulekile kubalulekile ekuhloleni ukuphepha kwamanzi kanye nokulondoloza imvelo. Ukuhlaziywa okuvamile kwale mingcele kuqinisekisa ukuthi imithombo yamanzi ihlala ihlanzekile futhi ifanele izinjongo ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokulondoloza ikhwalithi yamanzi, singakwazi ukuvikela impilo yethu futhi sivikele imithombo eyigugu yeplanethi.